Trauma – Counselor1Stop

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BRIEF SUMMARY

Trauma is an emotional response to a terrible event like an accident, rape or natural disaster. Immediately after the event, shock and denial are typical. Longer term reactions include unpredictable emotions, flashbacks, strained relationships and even physical symptoms like headaches or nausea. While these feelings are normal, some people have difficulty moving on with their lives.

Schools have an important role in decreasing the impact of a traumatic event on a child. Children spend the majority of their day in school where caring adults are available to help them. Educators can help children by providing the structure of a usual routine, providing a safe place to share concerns, being sensitive to cues in the environment that may trigger a traumatic response, and providing additional supports.

KEY POINTS

Trauma can have a lasting impact. Childhood trauma can increase the risk for psychological, behavioral or emotional problems (depression or PTSD), substance abuse, low occupational attainment or academic failure, social maladjustment and poor medical health.
If a child perceives the event as threatening, there is an increased likelihood that the child will be traumatized. These threat perceptions are influenced by (1) the nature of the crisis event itself, (2) crisis exposure, (3) relationships with crisis victims, (4) adult reactions to the trauma, and (5) a variety of individual/personal vulnerability factors.

SHARED WISDOM

Trauma-Informed Resilient Schools – Free training (March 2020)
Trauma Resources (from Counselor Talk, November 2018)
Trauma Screening Using ACES (from Counselor Talk, November 2018)
Training for Trauma Informed classrooms (from Counselor Talk, January 2018):
- Our school is currently using the Lilly grant to become a trauma-certified school. We have been working with Starr Global’s National Institute for Trauma and Loss in Children. They are located in Michigan but will travel to your school to do on-site trainings. They also have online-trainings that our staff have done and enjoyed as well. Erin Good-Whiteford, Southeast Neighborhood School of Excellence, Indianapolis, egood@senseindy.org
- Lori Desautels at Butler did a great training: https://www.edutopia.org/profile/lori-desautels http://revelationineducation.com/?p=1715
Dr. Nadine Burke Harris (featured in the this YouTube video) wrote a book, The Deepest Well. The Kindle edition is currently on sale for $1.99. I read it as soon as it came out. I LOVE the book!
Trauma Informed Schools and ACES (Adverse Childhood Experiences): Counselor Talk FB responses and additional Counselor Talk responses from April 2018
Susan Sherman, school counselor from Kalispell, MT, shares the steps that her school took to become trauma-informed:
- We started off with Nadine Burke’s TEDtalk on ACEs study; We did a district wide book study of Stuart Ablon’s book, The School Discipline Fix; counselor/psych book study of Dr. VanderKolk’s book, The Body Keeps the Score and Dr. Bruce Perry’s The Boy Who Was Raised By The Dog; purchased and held staff and public viewings of Paper Tigers and Resilient; we have a viewing of Broken Places today; use videos from Stacy York; and 7 of us attended the Neurosequential Model of Therapeutics and Education (NMT/E) in Banff, Alberta, CA; Admin has attended week long conferences on restorative practice.
- Other resources specific to schools include Dave Melnick, Sandy Taylor-Tran, Margaret Casey.

RESOURCES

The Missouri Model: A Developmental Framework for Trauma-Informed Schools
Introduction to Trauma webinar, University of Missouri, St. Louis (UMSL) & Missouri Institute of Mental Health
Child Trauma Toolkit for Educators
Talking to Children About Violence-Tips for Parents and Teachers
The Ant Hill Disaster by Julia Cook
Dr. Laurie Desautels has created a moodle about trauma-informed schools; Dr. Desautels is a foremost expert on this topic. This webinar is free at http://moodle.doe.in.gov/ You will need the enrollment key counselor. Here is her Brain-Aligned Strategies resource.
“The Deepest Well” by Dr. Nadine Burke Harris (2018)
ED Talks: Mark Sander, Trauma-Informed Classroom (YouTube video)
Beyond Consequences Institute, Heather T. Forbes, LCSW
Guidance for Trauma Screening in Schools
Trauma’s Impact on the Brain – Information for Educators (PPT)
Book: Help for Billy by Heather T. Forbes (available on Amazon.com–study guide also available)
Book: The Whole-Brain Child by Daniel J. Siegel and Tina Payne Bryson (available on amazon.com)
Book: 10 Steps to Create a Trauma Informed School by Caelan Soma and Derek Allen. (available on amazon.com and through IYI library)
Book: The Trauma Informed School: A Step by Step Implementation Guide…” by Jim Sporleder and Heather T. Forbes (available on amazon.com and through the IYI Library)
Video: “Paper Tigers” (available for viewing on amazon.com and youtube.com for a fee or buy/rent through https://kpjrfilms.co/paper-tigers/buy-the-film/)
Paper Tigers Facilitator’s Discussion Guide: https://3pf92a428h7y2o2e1d3olqk2-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/PT-Facilitation-guide_FNL-1.pdf
Article: “Childhood Stress Leaves Lasting Marks on Genes” by Chris Barncard: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-07-childhood-stress-genes.html
Article: “Teaching Trauma in the Classroom” by Heather T. Forbes: http://www.heathertforbes.com/articles/TeachingTraumaInTheClassroom.pdf?mc_cid=7805ea5dcf&mc_eid=a5f15027f8
Article: “The Language of Trauma” by Heather T. Forbes: http://www.heathertforbes.com/articles/TheLanguageOfTrauma.pdf?mc_cid=7805ea5dcf&mc_eid=a5f15027f8
Article: “The Relentless School Nurse: Parenting with High ACEs–Voices of Expertise” by Robin M. Cogan: https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/the-relentless-school-nurse-parenting-with-high-aces-voices-of-lived-expertise
Article: “Toxic Stress on Children Can Harm their Lifelong Learning, Mental, and Physical Health” by Jayne O’Donnell: https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2018/10/05/toxic-stress-adverse-childhood-experiences-aces-lifelong-mental-physical-health/1358220002/
Video: “$100 to the Winner of the Race”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwx5IvypC5Q
Video: “The Things We Carry” by Center for Youth Wellness: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngYnzNArGyo
Article: “Middle School Tackles Everybody’s Trauma…” by Laurie Udesky: https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/a-middle-school-learns-dealing-with-trauma-drives-down-suspensions
Article: “The Sanctuary Model of Trauma-Informed Organizational Change” by Sandra L. Bloom and Sarah Yanosy Sreehar: http://www.sanctuaryweb.com/Portals/0/Bloom%20Pubs/2008%20Bloom%20and%20Yanosy%20Sanctuary%20Model%20of%20TIC.pdf
Website for UCSF HEART Program for Trauma-Informed Schools: http://hearts.ucsf.edu/
Article: “Trauma Responsive Schools Must Be the New Gold Standard in Education”: http://healthmediapolicy.com/2018/05/16/trauma-responsive-schools-must-be-the-new-gold-standard-in-education/
Article: “If Teachers Aren’t Equipped to Help Trauma Victims, Students Suffer: Learn from my Story” by Candance Hines: https://www.chalkbeat.org/posts/tn/2018/06/08/if-teachers-arent-equipped-to-help-trauma-victims-students-suffer-learn-from-my-story/
Website: RULER (a SEL program from Yale University): http://ei.yale.edu/ruler/ruler-overview/
Article: “A New Approach” by Annie Goeller (Trust-Based Relational Intervention program in Center Grove schools): http://www.dailyjournal.net/2018/07/28/a_new_approach/
Website: Trust-Based Relational Intervention (TBRI): https://child.tcu.edu/about-us/tbri/#sthash.pe7DhThF.agfRH27a.dpbs
Article: “A Public School that not only Keeps Children Safe, but Heals” by Suzanne Bohan: https://nonprofitquarterly.org/2018/08/03/a-public-school-that-not-only-keeps-children-safe-but-heals/
Article: “Five Ways to Support Students Affected by Trauma” by Lea Waters and Tom Brunzell: https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/article/item/five_ways_to_support_students_affected_by_trauma
Article: “The Trauma-Informed Teacher–Silent Front Line”: http://www.ransomforisrael.com/the-trauma-informed-teacher-silent-front-line/
Article with videos: “An Inside Look at Trauma-Informed Practices” by Tom Berger: https://www.edutopia.org/article/inside-look-trauma-informed-practices
Article: “When Teachers Take a Breath, Students Can Bloom” by Anya Kamenetz: https://www.npr.org/sections/ed/2016/08/19/488866975/when-teachers-take-a-breath-students-can-bloom
Article: “Against the Tide” by Emily Read Daniels: https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/against-the-tide
Articles by Dr. Lori Desautles (Several of Dr. Desautles articles on Edutopia can be found on this page.): https://www.edutopia.org/profile/lori-desautels
Article: “Secondary Traumatic Stress for Educators: Understanding and Mitigating the Effects”: https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52281/secondary-traumatic-stress-for-educators-understanding-and-mitigating-the-effects
Article: “Elementary School in Berkshires Revamps Culture with Trauma in Mind” by Karen Brown: https://www.nepr.net/post/elementary-school-berkshires-revamps-culture-trauma-mind#stream/0
Article: “How to Build a Trauma-Sensitive Classroom where All Learners Feel Safe”: https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52566/how-to-build-a-trauma-sensitive-classroom-where-all-learners-feel-safe
Free online book: Helping Traumatized Children Learn: https://traumasensitiveschools.org/tlpi-publications/download-a-free-copy-of-helping-traumatized-children-learn/
Video: “Understanding Trauma: Learning Brain vs Survival Brain”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KoqaUANGvpA&feature=youtu.be
Video: more on ACEs (accompanies “Paper Tigers”): https://kpjrfilms.co/resilience/bonus-content/
Article: “The Greatest Study Never Told” (about ACEs): https://attachmentdisorderhealing.com/the-greatest-study-never-told/
Article: ” These Two Brains Both Belong to Three-Years-Old, so Why Is One so much Bigger?”: https://www.yahoo.com/news/two-brains-both-belong-three-120608571.html
Article: “When Students Are Traumatized, Teachers Are Too.” by Emilina Minero: https://www.edutopia.org/article/when-students-are-traumatized-teachers-are-too?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=socialflow
Article: “Why Adults Need Social and Emotional Support, too” by Matthew Portell: http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/learning_social_emotional/2018/05/why_adults_need_social_and_emotional_support_too.html
Article: “Inside the Bruce Perry Show” by Christie Renick: https://chronicleofsocialchange.org/news-2/inside-the-bruce-perry-show/30963
Article: “It’s All about Receptors, Baby!” (effects of cortisol) by Louise Godbold: https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/it-s-all-about-the-receptors-baby
Article: “Reaching Students with Emotional Disturbances” by Dr. Lori Desautles: https://www.edutopia.org/article/reaching-students-emotional-disturbances-lori-desautels?utm_medium=socialflow&utm_source=facebook
Video: Nadine Burke Harris “How Childhood Trauma Affects Health across a Lifetime” (TED talk): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=95ovIJ3dsNk
Video: “InBrief: The Science of Neglect”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bF3j5UVCSCA
Article: “Treating Childhood Trauma” (Oprah story) (video available on CBS acess): https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oprah-winfrey-treating-childhood-trauma/
Article: “Understanding and Working with the Window of Tolerance”: https://www.attachment-and-trauma-treatment-centre-for-healing.com/blogs/understanding-and-working-with-the-window-of-tolerance
Article: “Adverse Childhood Experiences”: https://www.samhsa.gov/capt/practicing-effective-prevention/prevention-behavioral-health/adverse-childhood-experiences
Websiste: TLC/Starr Global Training (resources for training on trauma and trauma-informed schools): https://www.starr.org/training/tlc
Article: “10 Things about Childhood Trauma Every Teacher Should Know”: https://www.weareteachers.com/10-things-about-childhood-trauma-every-teacher-needs-to-know/
Article: “How to Support (Someone Like Me) who Has Experienced Trauma” by Louise Godbold: https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/how-to-support-someone-like-me-who-has-experienced-trauma
Image: “Child’s Needs Are on an Iceberg”: https://parentingfromscratch.wordpress.com/2014/08/11/behavior-is-an-iceberg/
Article: “Long-Term Consequences of Child Abuse and Neglect” by Children’s Bureau: https://www.childwelfare.gov/pubpdfs/long_term_consequences.pdf
Website and e-newsletter: https://www.acesconnection.com Lots of information and you can also sign up for a daily e-newsletter that is excellent.
Video: “Jim Sporleder on Paper Tigers”: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-BofLj9l7S0&t=130s
Butler University offers an applied educational neuroscience certificate, which involves completing three classes. Or you can take one or two classes separately, one of which is on trauma. https://www.butler.edu/coe/applied-educational-neuroscience
Book: Eyes Are Never Quiet by Lori Desautles and Michael McKnight. (available on amazon.com and Barnes and Noble)
Article: “Teaching Students How to Deal with Stress” by Dr. Lori Desautles: https://www.edutopia.org/article/teaching-students-how-deal-stress
Article: “5 Ways to Help Students Deal with Trauma” by Dr. Lori Desautles: https://www.edutopia.org/article/5-ways-help-students-trauma-lori-desautels
Article: “7 Ways to Calm a Young Brain in Trauma” by Dr. Lori Desautles: https://www.edutopia.org/article/7-ways-calm-young-brain-trauma-lori-desautels
Article: “Brains in Pain Cannot Learn” by Dr. Lori Desautles: https://www.edutopia.org/blog/brains-in-pain-cannot-learn-lori-desautels
Article: “Identifying Signs of Stress in Young Children and Teens” by APA: https://www.apa.org/helpcenter/stress-children.aspx
Article: “Maltreatment and the Developing Child” by Bruce Perry: http://www.lfcc.on.ca/mccain/perry.pdf
Book: The Boy who Was Raised as a Dog by Bruce Perry. (available on amazon.com)
Book: Childhood Disrupted by Donna Jackson Nakazawa (available on amazon.com)
Book: The Body Keeps the Score by Bessel van der Kolk (available on amazon.com)
Article: “Learning from Elementary Teachers” by Sherine Aboelezz: https://www.edutopia.org/article/learning-elementary-teachers?utm_source=Edutopia+Newsletter&utm_campaign=93e012c153-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_010919_enews_aproactiveapp&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_f72e8cc8c4-93e012c153-85099175
Article “Area Schools Work to Identify, Treat Childhood Trauma” by Michael Erb: http://www.mariettatimes.com/news/local-news/2019/01/area-schools-work-to-identify-treat-childhood-trauma/
Article: “Trauma-Informed Is Messy Business…” by Tanya Fritz: https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/trauma-informed-is-messy-business
Article: “9 Simple Trauma-Informed Gestures for Educators” by Eric Rossen: https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/nine-simple-trauma-informed-gestures-for-educators
Article: “Resiliency Workshops Help Educators Respond to Students Affected by Trauma” by Clair Lowe (about the work of Dr. Lori Desautles): https://www.pressofatlanticcity.com/education/resiliency-workshops-help-educators-respond-to-students-affected-by-trauma/article_7485ed9d-9f75-5906-9957-15d45b763969.html?utm_medium=social&utm_source=email&utm_campaign=user-share&fbclid=IwAR1Pcw-M_0zZlrP1qte39FHCxcYuYIqvGw9RvYAYMQdr2wiDmJyhJuryU7c
Article: “How to Build a Trauma-Sensitive Classroom where All Students Feel Safe” by Deborah Farmer Kris: https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/52566/how-to-build-a-trauma-sensitive-classroom-where-all-learners-feel-safe
Article: “N.H. Educators Are Getting a Crash Course in Trauma” by Lola Duffort: https://www.concordmonitor.com/How-schools-are-dealing-with-trauma-in-the-classroom-13009693
Article: “How Paying Attention to Trauma Is Changing this Philadelphia School” by Sara K. Satullo: https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/How-Paying-Attention-to-Trauma-is-Changing-This-Pennsylvania-School-500757312.html?fbclid=IwAR1gH_JWZ27u45UNPIdEOtA64fJm-H5S4raS18457gideQBxheS3vDAUWPw
Article: “The How and Why of Trauma-Informed Teaching” by Alex Shevrin Venet. https://www.edutopia.org/article/how-and-why-trauma-informed-teaching?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=socialflow&fbclid=IwAR0auHnR099LJkDHIDiltrG60pKgmMO3rXHPrtjjRd6wT68wc0xtFrpbD4Y
Article: “Indiana Has the Second Highest Child Abuse Rate in the Country, Report Says” by Justin L Mack.
https://www.indystar.com/story/news/2019/04/01/report-indiana-has-second-highest-child-abuse-rate-nation/3330020002/
Transcript of Oprah Winfrey story on “60 Minutes” about ACE study: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/oprah-winfrey-treating-childhood-trauma/
Article: “Reaching Students with Emotional Disturbances” by Lori Desautles. https://www.edutopia.org/article/reaching-students-emotional-disturbances-lori-desautels?utm_medium=socialflow&utm_source=facebook
Article: “Creating School Level Resiliency Teams” by Michael McKnight. https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/creating-school-level-resiliency-teams
Article: “20 Tips to Help De-Escalate Interactions with Anxious or Defiant Students” by Katrina Schwartz. https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/43049/20-tips-to-help-de-escalate-interactions-with-anxious-or-defiant-students?fbclid=IwAR3Kzgi2WBMKQ8tJVAdZPysRUVph-VQjbVNIfD5EchSUgDXmqdiwrZ8De_s
Article: “MultiBrief: Trauma Training is Imperative for K-12 Students, Employees” by Bambi Majimdar. http://exclusive.multibriefs.com/content/trauma-training-is-imperative-for-k-12-students-employees/education
Article: “Gastrointestinal Complaints in Children Could Signal Future Mental Health Problem” (Science News–Colombia University). https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/03/190329171417.htm
Article: “Effects of Childhood Trauma May Persist in Brain Connectivity of Depressed Patients” by Rick Nauert. https://psychcentral.com/news/2019/04/09/effects-of-childhood-trauma-may-persist-in-brain-connectivity-of-depressed-patients/144448.html
Article: “Nine Ways to Ensure your Mindfulness Teaching is Trauma Informed” by Katrina Schwartz. https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/53228/nine-ways-to-ensure-your-mindfulness-teaching-practice-is-trauma-informed
Article: “Can a Biomarker for Childhood Trauma Predict Severe Psychiatric Disease in Adulthood?” by Jamie Wells. https://www.acsh.org/news/2019/04/08/can-biomarker-childhood-trauma-predict-severe-psychiatric-disease-adulthood-13938
Article: “Responding to Trauma in your Classroom” (Teaching Tolerance): https://www.tolerance.org/magazine/spring-2016/responding-to-trauma-in-your-classroom
Resource: “Trauma Sensitive Checklist School Checklist” (Teaching Tolerance): http://www.tolerance.org/sites/default/files/general/trauma%20sensitive%20school%20checklist%20(1).pdf
Article: “How to Implement Trauma-Informed Care to Build Resilience to Childhood Trauma” by Jessica Dym Bartlett and Kathryn Steber. https://www.childtrends.org/publications/how-to-implement-trauma-informed-care-to-build-resilience-to-childhood-trauma
Article: “Student Discipline & Co-Regulation” by Michael McKnight. https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/student-discipline-and-co-regulation
Article: “What Kids’ Trauma Looks like across the U.S.” by Mimi Kirk. https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2018/02/the-complicated-map-of-trauma-in-the-us/554336/?utm_source=twb
Article with video: “2019’s Teacher of the Year Teaches Incarcerated Youth at Detention Center” by Kimberly Richards. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/teacher-of-the-year-2019-juvenile-detention_n_5cc0c62de4b0764d31dc3b0b?fbclid=IwAR0digvPYeCBW_abbBJ1jE0Ng3XIUUHw0zfUGSKZTOAL1ZLvmTFyVzCTddk
Article with video: “From Aromatherapy to Anger Management: How Schools are Addressing the ‘Crisis’ of Childhood Trauma” by Elizabeth Chuck and Marshall Crook. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/aromatherapy-anger-management-how-schools-are-addressing-crisis-childhood-trauma-n1006076
Article: ” School, Troubled Kids, Trauma, the Brain, and Pain-Based Behaviors” by Michael McKnight. https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/school-troubled-kids-trauma-the-brain-and-pain-based-behaviors?fbclid=IwAR3XC2ehUYl_lioFyTzZlX-81vR3op_9BjiRj2qopSuUZaSjm2N_YOPxGN4
Article: “The Brain Science behind Student Trauma” by Bruce Perry. https://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2016/12/14/the-brain-science-behind-student-trauma.html?fbclid=IwAR0i5x_PvWPbbTOEBREnfSLaVE1HyD9fnDrcZ1L0APqLrYuUuFNGh-1ng-U
Article with video: “He’s the Father that I always Wanted: Texas Bus Driver who Gives More than a Ride” (CBS News). https://www.cbsnews.com/news/curtis-jenkins-lake-highlands-elementary-bus-driver-beloved-by-community-2019-05-24/?fbclid=IwAR0T7Lb9arC8UWnpZ7eciBY2ccPUGKUOhXTauOygf6lrB-MibPbcHnFAQAE
Article: “Playing Team Sports May Protect from Some Damages of Childhood Trauma” by Susie Neilson. https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2019/05/28/727661899/playing-teen-sports-may-protect-from-some-damages-of-childhood-trauma
Article: “The Brain Science Behind Student Trauma” by Dr. Bruce Perry. https://www.edweek.org/ew/articles/2016/12/14/the-brain-science-behind-student-trauma.html?fbclid=IwAR0i5x_PvWPbbTOEBREnfSLaVE1HyD9fnDrcZ1L0APqLrYuUuFNGh-1ng-U
News story: “Crisis in the Classroom: A New Approach to Classroom Disruptions” (KGW8 news)–narrative and videos: https://www.kgw.com/article/news/investigations/classrooms-in-crisis/classrooms-in-crisis-hillsboros-new-approach-to-classroom-disruptions/283-88f034d5-4fde-439d-a0f0-cf1e209e9292
Article: “The Secret to Classroom Management” by Elizabeth Peyton. https://www.weareteachers.com/classroom-management-title-i/?utm_content=1557171471&utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook&fbclid=IwAR2rqYkVzBqOTrfnby9DK31Kd88SCeYFf06KDSlyI2-SMr6_PKDTjDdNfLk
News story (NBC News): From Aromatherapy to Anger Management: How Schools are Addressing the ‘Crisis’ of Childhood Trauma.” (narrative and videos): https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/aromatherapy-anger-management-how-schools-are-addressing-crisis-childhood-trauma-n1006076
Article: “Suisun Elementary (CA) Makes ACEs Science Intrinsic to Every Day Life” by Laurie Udesky. https://www.acesconnection.com/blog/elementary-school-makes-aces-science-intrinsic-to-every-day-life
Article: “Supporting Students with Adverse Childhood Experiences” by David Murphey and Vanessa Sacks. https://www.aft.org/ae/summer2019/murphey_sacks?sfns=mo
Article: “How Adverse Childhood Experiences Alter Brain Chemistry, Cultivate Unhealthy Habits, and Prompt Premature Death” by Corey Jones. https://www.tulsaworld.com/news/day-soda-cigarettes-and-trauma-how-adverse-childhood-experiences-alter/article_7c833f3c-3aae-53b5-a610-c2e78f144dd4.html
Article: “A Trauma Lens for Systems Change” by Patsy Carter and Andrea Blanch. https://ssir.org/articles/entry/a_trauma_lens_for_systems_change
Article: “About the CDC-Kaiser ACE Study. https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/childabuseandneglect/acestudy/about.html
Article: “Childhood Adversity Screenings Are Just One Part of an Effective Policy Response to Childhood Trauma” by David Murphey and Jessica Dym Bartlett. https://www.childtrends.org/publications/childhood-adversity-screenings-are-just-one-part-of-an-effective-policy-response-to-childhood-trauma
Article: “How Trauma Affects Child Brain Development” by NC Division of Children’s Services: https://practicenotes.org/v17n2/brain.htm
Video: “Childhood Trauma and the Brain:” https://youtu.be/EFrfBJrVLbE

The Iceberg of Children’s Behavior

How to Work with Students with Challenging Behaviors

What Anxiety Looks Like

What Students Need when They Become Dysregulated

Physical Effects of Trauma

Trauma Zone

How Children Learn to Self-Regulate

What Children Need at Most Difficult Moments

Your Words Matter
Components of a Trauma-Informed Approach

Connections

Knowing Students Is Important

Behavior Is Communication

The Words that We Speak

Trauma-Informed Care

IN Child Abuse Rate 2017

UnderstandACEs-Flyer-Linked

Connection and Regulation

Relationships and Achievement
Relationships Are More Important than Rules

Relationship & the Right Teacher

Relationship Questions

Trauma Language

Window of Tolerance
Trauma needs